The Garamond font family owes its name to a bit of historical confusion. Claude Garamond, a famed type designer of the 16th century, did indeed design a typeface with several attributes similar to the modern Garamond, and on which some of the modern Garamonds have been based; however, the majority of contemporary iterations are actually based on a typeface developed by Jean Jannon 60 years after Garamond’s death.
Jannon’s typeface was inspired by Garamond’s original, but had stylistic differences in terms of slope and axis, and was characterized by more asymmetry than Garamond’s design. When France’s National Printing Office reissued Jannon’s work in 1825, they incorrectly attributed it to Garamond. It was not until the middle of the 20th century that scholarly work uncovered the true designer behind the “Garamond” font family.
The 20th century brought several redesigns of the Garamond typeface, including Thomas Maitland Cleland and Morris Fuller Benton’s Garamond 3, which was a repurposing based on Jannon’s work. Digital versions the Adobe Garamond® font family and the Stempel Garamond™ font family were based on Garamond’s work, while the ITC Garamond and Apple Garamond typefaces are considered new designs.
Jannon’s Garamond typeface is distinguished by its unusually shallow “a” bowl and a marked contrast in the strength of its downstrokes and upstrokes. It is considered to be an environmentally friendly font due to the fact that it uses less ink than comparable commercial fonts in printing.
